Tesco Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tesco Research Paper - Essay Example The report below therefore investigates the manifestation of the organizational culture, structure and the motivational factors that the management employs in enhancing the profitability of the company. In doing this, the research compares the utilization of numerous theories that explain the implementation of such factors in a commercial organization thus enhancing the profitability of the company. Humans are among the most fundamental resources in an organization. This makes the management of humans important since they influence the profitability of the commercial organization. Systems theory of management views commercial organizations as systems with numerous components that must work seamlessly albeit independently in order for the organization to run as a unified whole. In most cases, the components are often in the form of departments. Tesco Corporation has numerous departments key among which are administration, production, marketing and human resource among many others. The various departments must work independently by making independent decisions. However, in making such decisions, the departments must consult each other in order to safeguard the profitability of the commercial organization. Organizational culture refers to the behavior of people within a company. Organizational culture is therefore an essential factor that influences the profitability of a commercial organization since an organization interacts with numerous people. As explained earlier, human resources are some of the most important people in an organization. Additionally, the customers and lawmakers among many other stakeholder are all humans who influence the profitability of a company. This underscores the need for an organization to develop effective structures to supervise the interaction among people within the organization. Tesco Corporation understands the need for effective management of behavior within the organization. Among the tools, the

Universal Design of Instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Universal Design of Instruction - Essay Example That is, the product or environment is designed in such a way that it satisfies the needs of a variety of users including those who are physically disabled. The Center for Universal Design (CUD) at the North Carolina State University established seven principles for UD (Burgstahler, 2009), which provides the basis for all applications of UD including for instructional purposes. These form a general architectural paradigm and are listed in the table below. By applying the general principles of UD to teaching, we can derive guidelines for instruction to students, which are called UDI. The CUD defines UDI as â€Å"the design of instruction to be usable by all students, without the need for adaptation or specialized design†. A prominent figure that applied UD principles to education was Frank Bowe (2000). A related concept is Universal Design for Learning (UDL), which the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) defines as â€Å"a framework for designing curricula that enables all individuals to gain knowledge, skills, and enthusiasm for learning†. Thus, the classroom environment, curriculum, instructional materials and procedures, facilities etc. can all be designed in a way that they fulfill the needs of a variety of students. The students may have a range of abilities, learning styles, and backgrounds and this includes disabled students especially. There are two further benefits of UDI: one is that it minimizes the need to arrange for accommodating students with special needs, and another is that specific features of the UDI benefit not only the type of students for which it is intended but also others. For example, captioning in instructional videos is done to help the deaf but other students can also derive benefit. CAST clarifies that by being universal, it is not intended that the instruction be suitable for every type of learner; rather, â€Å"it is meant to underscore the need

Working with Federal Reserve's Publications Research Paper

Working with Federal Reserve's Publications - Research Paper Example 5). This paper is aimed at describing Federal Reserve’s views regarding various economic perspectives in recent times. These economic perspectives include current level of inflation, Federal Reserve’s assessment of the current economic activity and financial markets, and the monetary policy tools the Federal Reserve uses to stabilize the economy and maintain price stability in the country. Federal Reserve’s assessment of current economic activities and financial markets: The Federal Reserve holds a very positive view regarding the current economic activities and the current condition of the financial market of the country. The chairman of the Fed, Dr. Ben S. Bernanke, has argued that after the global financial crisis of 2007-08, the American economy is experiencing greater volume of economic activities. These activities include both greater production and consumption of goods and services across the country and also greater volume of monetary and financial transa ctions through financial intermediaries of the country. Disturbances in the financial markets of the country, including mainly the markets for houses, loans, and mortgages, have created greater problems in the country by reducing the volume of economic activities in the country. The crisis has created problems for private as well as public sector businesses, mainly for financial companies to increase their level of profits or even to stay in the business. But during the period of end of 2008 and the beginning of 2009, the US government and the Fed took various fiscal as well as monetary policies which have helped economic agents in the country to increase the volume of economic activities and to increase country’s rate of growth of aggregate and per capita income along with the level of unemployment. The most important fiscal policy that has been implemented by the US government is reducing the level of government expenditure. This has helped the country to reduce the level o f budget deficit and fiscal deficit. According to the Fed the country is experiencing greater economic activities in terms of greater production of goods and services and greater stability in the financial market of the country compared to the period of global financial crisis. This greater stability has helped the country raise the level of investment in production of goods and services and also in research and developmental improvements of existing technologies of the country. The rate of aggregate income is expected to catch up with pre-recession period’s rates within 2013 and the per capita income growth rate is expected to increase at the rate of China’s per capita income growth rate (Bernanke, 2009, p. 1). Federal Reserve’s assessment of current inflation: The level of inflation has been very high since 2007. Due to this consumers are not capable of purchasing costliest goods and services and hence business organizations which are engaged in production of these goods and services are leaving the industry. Again this is reducing the level of income in the country and hence the level of demand for necessary goods and service. The Fed is expecting inflation to be subdued in the next few years because of weaker level of real economic activities prevailing in the country. It is expecting to have a lower level of inflation rate in 2013 which might lead to an increase in the volume of economic activities in the country. The Fed is expecting that the current rate of change in overall prices is expected to fall to 1 to 2 percent from its current level of 3 percent within five years. According to the Fed the declining trend in prices of energy resources and other commodities will gradually help the economy to implement stricter monetary and fiscal policies being aimed at

Investigative journalism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Investigative journalism - Assignment Example Different stories were heard as the case in Baghdad was different from what officials had promised to be the case. Screams of death could be heard in different corners and alleys of the city as the citizens were gripped with fear. Back home, American officials who were interviewed never though the necessary to mention the laws of wars in the different speeches whereas the Iraqi government was opposing the air strikes campaign with dead bodies littered in every corner of their streets. The hospitals were a horrific site to witness as Iraqi televisions broadcasted civilians who were either injured or maimed in different parts thus creating the scene as a blood scene. What next? The American government was quick to announce that the government of Iraqi had built their bases amidst civilian population therefore conflicts their earlier statements that civilians in the region were to be kept safe from harm caused by the air strikes. The responses from the two government sides further added to the point that during times of war, laws are assumed or considered to be irrelevant. Citizens in different parts of the world believe in rules or laws during war. This is true in spite of them also different the laws governing the terms of war but the force applied in any war. However, as much there is memorandum that controls the rules of war, there exists disagreements on who has the authority to declare war and enforce war rules when situations calls for the element of war. In sum, who owns the element of war in a country or a

Great deal of documentation Essay Example for Free

Great deal of documentation Essay These two documents need to be completed by the company and sent off to the companies of house where they will assess if the organisation meets the requirements to trade under the name PLC. The companies of house will provide the organisation of a certificate of incorporation which gives them the legal right to start trading. Apart from the legal requirements the formation of a public limited company is a very expensive process compared to a sole trader or partnership and requires a great deal of documentation. The company also needs to have at least  50,000 of share available before it can become a PLC. Another disadvantage is that the founder(s) of the company can end up losing total control of the organisation due to the company shares being readily available for sale on the stock exchange. Large organisations such as Tesco can become difficult to manage efficiently due to the size and capacity of the organisation which often results in staff feeling ignored by a remote management and the decision making can be difficult and take a great deal of time to be able to reach a conclusion. Also detailed financial accounts of the organisation must be published each year, which provides valuable information on how the company is performing to competitors and prospective take-over companies. OBJECTIVES OF TESCO PLC Tesco is already the number one food retailer in Britain and one of the top three in the world, but the organisations wants to improve in stature and minimise the chances of potential competitors catching up. Tesco PLC has one main aims which it expects to achieve in order to continue it success in the competitive UK retail market against such competitors as Sainsbury and Asda. To increase value for customers continually and to earn their lifetime loyalty For this specific aim, they have also set themselves several objectives to increase their chances of achieving the aim such as: 1. To understand our customers better than any of our competitors do. This objective was set so that the customer service provided and the understanding of customers by Tesco PLC is the best in the market and to ensure their closest competitors are not capable of competing. 2. To earn the respect of our staff for these values and to appreciate their contribution to achieving them. Tesco PLC not only wants to appreciate the contribution of their external customers but also the internal one. Tesco want to show that it cares for the needs and expectations of it staff. 3. To recognise that we have brilliant people working for us and to use this strength to make our customers shopping enjoyable in a way that no competitor can. Tesco PLC want to appreciate what their staff are doing for them and that will increase the staff moral and motivate them to continue with the work so potential competitors are kept at bay.

Rate of Diffusion of Potassium permanganate, Potassium dichromate, and Methylene blue1

Rate of Diffusion of Potassium permanganate, Potassium dichromate, and Methylene blue1 1 The Effect of Molecular Weight and Time on the Rate of Diffusion of Potassium permanganate, Potassium dichromate, and Methylene blue1 scientific paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in General Biology I laboratory under Prof. Diana Rose Gonzales, 1st sem., 2013 2014 _ 2 ABSTRACT The effect of molecular weight and time on the rate of diffusion of potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue was tested using a petri dish of agar water gel with three wells. The three substances were dropped simultaneously in the petri dish. Potassium permanganate (MW 158g/mole) increased rapidly (14.50 mm) while Methylene blue (MW 374 g/mole) gradually increased (9.50 mm) only. Thus, molecular weight and time affects the rate of diffusion. INTRODUCTION Diffusion is a movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. The particles will fuse when they are evenly distributed and have reached equilibrium. Potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue are substances used as indicators and oxidizing agents. Potassium permanganate is used in organic compounds and used commercially to purify water and sanitizer. It is chemically used to regulate certain reducing compounds. Potassium dichromate is used to determine ethanol concentrations in solutions and determine the presence and purity of silver. Researches also suggest that potassium dichromate functions as an agent that cause genetic mutation against DNA repair deficient strains of Escherichia coli. Lastly, methylene blue is used as dye to identify bacteria and nucleic acids. The dye will have the deepest shade of blue when in contact with acids. As indicators and oxidizing agents, the substances stated above must prove that their diffusion must be fast in order to do their functions. Due to their difference in molecular weight, a test was conducted to prove what substance is more recommendable _ 3 to be used in getting the rate of diffusion. To further verify the experiment rate of diffusion was also tested with time. To test this, agar water gel is one of the materials was used. Agar water gel is a substance that functions as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier since it do not melt at room temperature until it is heated to 85oC and more. Also, with a stopwatch the substances were measured (mm) at a regular three minute interval for thirty minutes. The study aims to determine the effect of molecular weight and time on the rate diffusion of potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue. The specific objectives are 1. to prove that molecular weight affects the rate of diffusion; and 2. to explain why molecular weight must also be observed with time MATERIALS AND METHODS In testing the effect of molecular weight and time on the rate of diffusion of potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue, agar water gel was used. Three bottles with dropper containing the substances and a petri dish with agar water gel were given to each group. As three members of the group dropped all substances together in the wells of the agar water gel, the stopwatch started simultaneously with it. One member measured each wells of the agar water gel with a ruler to get the initial measurement (mm) of the wells. The group then drew the initial appearance of the experiment (Figure 4.1.). One member was assigned to signal the group if three minutes have passed and the member of the group who is assigned to _ 4 measure the wells will immediately but carefully measure the area with the ruler. There was a regular three minute interval for thirty minutes. After thirty minutes, the group then drew the final appearance of the experiment Figure 4.2. Also, the group computed for the average of the substances by adding all the data that were gathered divided by number of time intervals. To test the effect of time on the rate of diffusion the data gathered were computed by partial rate. Partial rate is computed by subtracting the diameter of colored area immediately (di-1) before the diameter of colored area at a given time (d1) divided by the time when d1 was measured (t1) minus the time immediately before t1 (ti 1). Again, the average of each substances were computed by adding all the date divided by the number of time intervals. A graph comparing the average rate of diffusion of each substance was plotted against its molecular weight in Figure 4.3. Also, a graph comparing the partial rate of diffusion of each substance was plotted against the time elapsed in Figure 4.4 _ 5 Potassium dichromate Methylene blue Potassium permanganate Figure 4.1. Initial appearance of the substances in the agar water gel wells. Potassium dichromate Methylene blue Potassium permanganate Figure 4.2. Final appearance of the substances in the agar water gel wells. _ 6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS As seen in Table 4.2, potassium permanganate (MW 158 g/mole) has the highest average rate of diffusion with 11.32 mm/min, followed by potassium dichromate (MW 294 g/mole) with 10.86 mm/min, and methylene blue (MW 374 g/mole) with 7.95 mm/min. In Table 4.3, potassium permanganate has the highest partial rates of diffusion with 0.35 mm/min, followed by potassium dichromate with 0.32 mm/min, and methylene blue with 0.19 mm/min. This results shows that molecular weight has an effect in the rate of diffusion. When the molecular weight is lower then the rate of diffusion will be higher meaning they have an indirect relationship. Also, with time the rate of diffusion of the substances decreased, meaning time and the rate of diffusion has an indirect relationship. _ 7 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The effect of molecular weight and time on the rate of diffusion of potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, and methylene blue was determined. Each substance was dropped simultaneously with each other into the petri dish with agar water gel. With a stopwatch the time was observed with an interval of three minuets in thirty minutes. After thirty minutes, the average of the circumference and the partial rates of diffusion were computed. Results showed that potassium permanganate (MW 158 g/mole) which has the least molecular weight had the highest average rate of diffusion compared to methylene blue (MW 374 g/mole), which has the greatest molecular weight among the three. In time, the circumference (mm/min) of each substance increased since there was diffusion in the agar water gel wells. Hence, molecular weight and time has an effect in the increase, decrease, slowness, and fastness of the diffusion of substances. Nevertheless, further experimentation must be done to improve the results of the experiment. It is recommended to use other substances, a different medium other than the agar water gel, a longer time period to test the diffusion, a more stable environment, and have more trials to observe better results. _ 11 LITERATURE CITED Dean, John A. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 12th ed.; McGraw-Hill Book Company: New York, NY, 1979; p 9:4-9:94. Ebbing, Darrell D. General Chemistry 3rd ed.; Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston, MA, 1990; p 137. Andrew Mills, David Hazafy, John A. Parkinson, Tell Tuttle and Michael G. Hutchings The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2009, 113 (34), 9575-9576 Chongmok Lee, Yoo Wha Sung, and Joon Woo ParkThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B1999, 103 (5), 893-898 _

Essay --

Have you ever heard the phrase that robots are taking over the world? Well it seems like this unimaginable concept is becoming a reality. Robots are moving to the surgery table and there is no going back to the good old traditional surgery procedures, where the surgeons perform the operation on their own by hand. Gone are those unsteady hands and comes those metallic hands that are here to stay. Robotic surgeries are the latest trend in the surgical department these days. The first surgical robot to be approved for operation and deemed safe to use is the Da Vinci and was in the market in 1999 (source).The Da Vinci is used while the surgeon is seated comfortably at a computer console, viewing a 3-D image of the surgical field. The surgeon's fingers grasp the masters on the computer console and while viewing the surgical field through the Da Vinci Systems high resolution, three dimensional image display, the surgeon manipulates and guides Da Vinci's computer assisted robotic arms and i nstruments. There are other surgical robots that can perform the operation but the Da Vinci is the fi... Essay -- Have you ever heard the phrase that robots are taking over the world? Well it seems like this unimaginable concept is becoming a reality. Robots are moving to the surgery table and there is no going back to the good old traditional surgery procedures, where the surgeons perform the operation on their own by hand. Gone are those unsteady hands and comes those metallic hands that are here to stay. Robotic surgeries are the latest trend in the surgical department these days. The first surgical robot to be approved for operation and deemed safe to use is the Da Vinci and was in the market in 1999 (source).The Da Vinci is used while the surgeon is seated comfortably at a computer console, viewing a 3-D image of the surgical field. The surgeon's fingers grasp the masters on the computer console and while viewing the surgical field through the Da Vinci Systems high resolution, three dimensional image display, the surgeon manipulates and guides Da Vinci's computer assisted robotic arms and i nstruments. There are other surgical robots that can perform the operation but the Da Vinci is the fi...